
\begin{table}[htbp]
   \caption{\label{tab:mid_tc_pop} Interstate Conflict: Population-based Controls}
   \centering
   \begin{tabular}{lcccc}
      \tabularnewline \midrule \midrule
      Dependent Variables: & \multicolumn{2}{c}{MID $\times 100$} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{TC $\times 100$}\\
      Model:                        & (1)            & (2)            & (3)          & (4)\\  
      \midrule
      \emph{Variables}\\
      Lost home rule \& lost unity  & 0.1340$^{***}$ & 0.2184$^{***}$ & 0.2760$^{*}$ & 0.3506$^{**}$\\   
                                    & (0.0310)       & (0.0393)       & (0.1062)     & (0.1162)\\   
      Lost unity only               & 0.0626         & 0.0702         & 0.1019       & 0.1150\\   
                                    & (0.0524)       & (0.0463)       & (0.0944)     & (0.1333)\\   
      \midrule
      \emph{Fixed-effects}\\
      Baseline controls             & Yes            & Yes            & Yes          & Yes\\  
      Extended controls             &                & Yes            &              & Yes\\  
      Year                          & Yes            & Yes            & Yes          & Yes\\  
      Peace year FE (MID)           & Yes            & Yes            &              & \\  
      State A FE                    &                & Yes            &              & Yes\\  
      State B FE                    &                & Yes            &              & Yes\\  
      Border duration A FE          &                & Yes            &              & Yes\\  
      Border duration B FE          &                & Yes            &              & Yes\\  
      Peace year FE (TC)            &                &                & Yes          & Yes\\  
      \midrule
      \emph{Fit statistics}\\
      Observations                  & 161,198        & 161,198        & 161,198      & 161,198\\  
      \midrule \midrule
      \multicolumn{5}{l}{\emph{Clustered (Directed Dyad ID \& State A FE \& State B FE) standard-errors in parentheses}}\\
      \multicolumn{5}{l}{\emph{Signif. Codes: ***: 0.001, **: 0.01, *: 0.05, +: 0.1}}\\
   \end{tabular}
   
   \par \raggedright 
   \parbox[t]{\width=\textwidth}{\textbf{Notes:} OLS estimates of fatal MID iniation (Columns 1 and 2) 
          and ethnic territorial claim onset (Columns 3 and 4). 
          The unit of analysis is the directed country dyad year. 
          Baseline controls: relative population size of state A vs. state B; logged absolute population of country B; 
          indicators for whether governing group in A has governing or powerless kin segment in B;   
          dummies for peace and calendar years.  
          Extended controls: logged aggregate group population of governing segments in A and B;
          ethnic fractionalization of countries A and B;
          pop. share of aggregate group governing in state A located in state B;
          pop. share of aggregate group governing in state A located in own country;
          conflict history (number of past years with ongoing MIDs involving A and B);
          time since last border change involving country A or B (FE). 
          Standard errors clustered on dyad, state A, and state B in parentheses.
          Significance codes: ***: 0.001, **: 0.01, *: 0.05, +: 0.1}
\end{table}


